By now many public safety personnel have likely seen YouTube videos posted by someone claiming to be a reporter working on a story, otherwise known as an auditor. These auditors’ videos record interactions while antagonizing an officer in a public place. Reporters...

You’ve been involved in an officer involved shooting or use of force event. As part of your duties, you prepare a report documenting your involvement in the incident. It’s near the end of your shift and you’re confident that you remember the specifics and the details...

My employer can’t access and investigate me for information on my personal cell phone, right? Wrong! Information on your personal cell phone can be seized by your employer in some circumstances, and you can be investigated and disciplined as a result. Let me explain....

Can I be sued and personally held liable for questioning a suspect after he invokes his Fifth Amendment rights against self-incrimination? Yes, you can have civil damages awarded against you from violating Miranda. How’s this so? I thought it was only a suppression of...

Can you be disciplined for being part of your co-workers group text conversation even though you didn’t post a comment in a thread? The short answer is yes. I’m Muna Busailah, managing partner of the police defense firm Stone Busailah, and for decades we’ve...

Before you testify in an administrative hearing in court or when giving a statement in an investigation, it is crucial that you review any and all materials that you have access to related to the incident. Why is that such a big...

The Court found the “without authorization” clause protects computers from external threat actors, while the “exceeds authorized access” clause protects information from internal threat actors, or “hackers” within the organization who obtain information from areas where their access does not extend.